A primer about body image and how we can tackle problems related to it!What do people usually mean when they say ‘body image’? Body image refers to the way we feel about our bodies – the way we see our bodies, as well as the way that we think other people see us (even if, in reality, this isn't how they actually see us).What makes us worry about body image?All of us experience our bodies differently, and this can sometimes be influenced by factors like pressure from family, social and cultural expectations, or being constantly bombarded with images of “perfect” bodies in the media and pop culture, or pressure from our own selves.This can affect our lives in many ways: issues with self esteem often go hand-in-hand with body image issues. It can also affect our sexual confidence and our mental sexual health.Are good-looking people immune to such problems?It might seem like people who are considered attractive by society’s standards have nothing to worry about. But the truth is that body image issues affect everyone – men, women, young people, old people, beautiful people, celebrities and ordinary-looking folks too. Franz Kafka, the famous Czech writer, once wrote in his personal diary: “I was afraid of mirrors, because they showed an inescapable ugliness.” Singer Michael Jackson, artist Andy Warhol, poet Sylvia Plath and the actor Marilyn Monroe are all thought to have struggled with body image too.Do all people who don’t fit the conventional idea of beauty have poor body image? Remember Fat Amy from the movie Pitch Perfect, played by Rebel Wilson? She was confident and happy – and hilarious – just the way she was. Just as many kinds of people can be affected by body image issues, irrespective of how they look, many kinds of people can have confidence in themselves and their bodies, whether or not society thinks they should.Does gender affect the way we perceive our bodies?Yes – quite a lot! Because society has such strict rules on how women must look and behave, and so much emphasis and scrutiny is placed on women’s appearance right from a very young age, body image tends to affect women in a deeper and more widespread way.But more and more, researchers are finding that men struggle with body image too, though they might deal with it differently – women internalise this shame more and are more likely to try to change their bodies, while men are less likely to talk about negative body image or seek treatment for problems related to it.Trans people may also experience a condition known as gender dysphoria, which involves a conflict between the gender they were assigned and the gender they identify with. Not having a body that affirms their gender can be a source of distress.Is it wrong to try to change how you look?Not as such – many of us try to do this in some way: dye hair our hair, wear clothes that are slimming, heels to look taller, or braces to fix crooked teeth. Sometimes we change our appearance not because we dislike who we are, but because we want to celebrate aspects of ourselves – colour, and flamboyance, and art, like people have done for ages with tattoos, hair dye, body paint and jewellery, for instance.Advances in technology make many more kinds of things a possibility too – from the “lip plumpers” that allow you to enhance your lips at home to cosmetic surgeries like nose jobs or breast implants or the increasingly popular butt lifts. You may feel concerned about a close friend or loved one taking drastic measures to alter their appearance. But shaming someone for wanting to do so is not okay – whether they are someone you know or a faraway celebrity.When is worrying about your body too much worrying? When is it seen as a problem?Sometimes, insecurities about body image can get the better of us and tip over into something far more serious. Here is a broad list of behaviours that might indicate this:
- Constantly obsessing over looks
- Constantly comparing yourself to other people
- Obsessively checking yourself in the mirror
- Repeatedly starving yourself
- Repeatedly making yourself vomit after a meal
- Frequently seeking cosmetic procedures and not being satisfied with the result
- Avoiding social situations and stopping going out in public
- Having suicidal thoughts
- Anorexia nervosa: Sufferers usually limit the amount of food they eat, which results in them being underweight. If unchecked, it can lead to serious complications like brain damage, organ failure and death.
- Bulimia nervosa: Repeated overeating followed by behaviour to make up for it, like vomiting, excessive exercise, or extreme use of laxatives. It can cause severe dehydration, gastrointestinal problems and heart difficulties.
- Binge eating disorder: Out-of-control eating that is not followed by a purge of some kind. People who suffer from this may be obese and at an increased risk of heart disease.